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Science & Nature • Mammals

Moose

The moose is the largest living species of deer and a hoofed mammal in the genus Alces.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

The moose is the largest living species of deer and a hoofed mammal in the genus Alces. It lives in cold, northern forests across North America, Europe, and Asia and is known for its long legs, large body, and the broad antlers grown by males. Moose are herbivores and are typically associated with wetlands, boreal forests, and other riparian habitats.

Description

Moose are large, long-legged deer with a dark coat and a distinctive overhanging muzzle. Males are larger than females and develop broad antlers, while females do not.

Habitat and range

The species is associated with northern forests, wetlands, and lakes. In North America it is found across Canada, Alaska, and parts of the northern United States, and it also occurs across northern Eurasia.

Diet and behaviour

Moose are browsers rather than grazers, feeding on leaves, shoots, bark, and aquatic plants. They are strong swimmers and often use water bodies while foraging or moving through habitat.

Conservation

The moose is listed as Least Concern globally, and one source reports an increasing population trend. Local populations can still vary, however, depending on habitat conditions and regional pressures.

Key facts

  • Moose are the largest species in the deer family.
  • Adult males, called bulls, grow large palmate antlers that are shed and regrown annually.
  • Moose are adapted to cold climates with long legs and thick fur.
  • They feed on aquatic plants, shrubs, twigs, bark, and other vegetation.
  • Their range includes Canada, Alaska, parts of the northern United States, Europe, and Asia.
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Canadian context

Moose are one of Canada’s most iconic large mammals and occur across much of the country, especially in boreal and northern habitats. They are culturally and ecologically significant for many Canadian readers.

Frequently asked questions

What is a moose?
A moose is the largest living species of deer, a herbivorous mammal in the genus Alces.
What do moose eat?
Moose eat aquatic plants, shrubs, leaves, twigs, bark, and other woody vegetation.
Where do moose live?
Moose live in northern forests, wetlands, and other cold-climate habitats across North America, Europe, and Asia.
Do female moose have antlers?
No. In this species, antlers are grown by males.
What is the moose’s conservation status?
The moose is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.

References

  1. National Geographichttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/moose
    Supports: Scientific name, diet, size, lifespan, and conservation status.
  2. National Wildlife Federationhttps://www.nwf.org/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide/Mammals/Moose
    Supports: Family classification, size, and North American range.
  3. Canadian Geographichttps://www.canadiangeographic.ca/articles/animal-facts-moose/
    Supports: Canadian significance and basic species facts.
  4. Britannica Kidshttps://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/moose/384796
    Supports: Species characteristics, antlers, diet, and range.
  5. Alaska Department of Fish and Gamehttps://www.adfg.alaska.gov/static/education/wns/moose.pdf
    Supports: Moose as the world's largest member of the deer family and northern distribution.