Muskrat

The muskrat (*Ondatra zibethicus*) is a semi-aquatic rodent native to North America.

The muskrat (*Ondatra zibethicus*) is a semi-aquatic rodent native to North America. It is known for its dense brown fur, partially webbed feet, and rat-like tail, and it lives in wetlands and other water-rich habitats. Muskrats are native to Canada and are widely found in Canadian wetlands, where they are part of local ecosystems.

Description

Muskrats are medium-sized, semi-aquatic rodents with thick brown fur, small ears, and a long tail. They are commonly mistaken for beavers at a glance, but they are much smaller and have a different tail shape. Muskrats are large rodents and are not true rats. They are adapted to life in water, with webbed hind feet and a laterally flattened tail. Adult muskrats are usually about 16–25 inches long, including the tail, and weigh roughly 1.5–4 pounds. For comparisons, see also: Coyote, Elk, Horse.

Habitat and range

Muskrats live near freshwater and sometimes brackish wetlands, including marshes, ponds, lakes, rivers, and streams. They prefer areas with abundant vegetation and slow-moving or still water. Muskrats are found across much of North America and have been introduced to parts of Europe and Asia. In Canada, they are widely found in Canadian wetlands and are part of local ecosystems.

Diet and behaviour

Muskrats are mostly herbivores that feed on aquatic plants, especially roots, stems, leaves, and shoots. Their diet is mainly plant material such as cattails, reeds, and pondweed. They may also eat insects, snails, crayfish, fish, and amphibians when available. Muskrats are active around water, build lodges or bank dens, and may remain active through winter rather than hibernating.

Relationship with humans

Muskrats are valued for their fur in some regions and are also known as occasional pests when they damage levees, dams, or other water-control structures. They can carry diseases that may be transmitted through bites or contaminated water.