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Passion flower

Passion flower is the common name for plants in the genus Passiflora, a group of more than 500 species of flowering vines and some shrubs in the family Passifloraceae.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Passion flower is the common name for plants in the genus Passiflora, a group of more than 500 species of flowering vines and some shrubs in the family Passifloraceae. The plants are known for their distinctive, intricate flowers and include species grown as ornamentals, for edible fruit, and for ecological roles as butterfly host plants.

Taxonomy and naming

Passion flower is the common name for the genus Passiflora in the family Passifloraceae. The name is linked to Christian symbolism associated with the Passion of Christ.

Description

Passiflora species are usually tendril-bearing vines, though some are shrubs or herbaceous plants. Their flowers are noted for a distinctive structure with radiating filaments and multiple floral parts.

Distribution and habitat

Most passion flowers occur in neotropical regions of the Americas. Some species extend into other warm regions and are also widely cultivated.

Uses and cultivation

Passion flowers are grown as ornamental climbers, for edible fruits, and in some cases for traditional medicinal uses. Gardeners value them for their showy flowers, while some species are important to wildlife.

Key facts

  • Passion flower refers to the genus Passiflora, not a single plant species.
  • Most species are climbing vines with characteristic complex flowers.
  • Many species are native to tropical and subtropical areas of the Americas.
  • Some species are cultivated for their fruit, including passion fruit.
  • Several species are grown as ornamentals and can attract butterflies.
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Canadian context

Passion flowers are widely grown in Canadian gardens and greenhouses as ornamental climbing plants, especially in sheltered or controlled environments because many species prefer warmer climates.

Frequently asked questions

Is passion flower a single species?
No. It is a common name for the genus Passiflora, which includes hundreds of species.
What family does passion flower belong to?
Passion flower belongs to the family Passifloraceae.
Where are passion flowers native to?
Most species are native to neotropical regions of the Americas.
Are passion flowers edible?
Some species produce edible fruits, including Passiflora edulis, which is the source of passion fruit.
Why is it called passion flower?
The name refers to Christian symbolism relating the flower’s parts to the Passion of Christ.

References

  1. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passiflora
    Supports: Genus name, approximate species count, family, and general uses.
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/plant/passion-flower
    Supports: Definition of passion flower as Passiflora, species count, growth form, native range, and uses.
  3. Royal Horticultural Societyhttps://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/passion-flower/growing-guide
    Supports: Cultivation and ornamental growing information.
  4. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kewhttps://www.kew.org/read-and-watch/passion-for-passion-flowers
    Supports: Christian symbolism and naming origin.
  5. NC State Universityhttps://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/passiflora-incarnata/
    Supports: Passiflora incarnata as a passionflower species and growth habit.