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Tarsier

Tarsiers are small nocturnal primates in the family Tarsiidae, known for their very large eyes, long hind limbs, and leaping locomotion.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Tarsiers are small nocturnal primates in the family Tarsiidae, known for their very large eyes, long hind limbs, and leaping locomotion. They are native to islands in Maritime Southeast Asia, including parts of Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, and the Philippines. Modern sources describe them as carnivorous, feeding mainly on insects and other small animals.

Description

Tarsiers are small primates with large forward-facing eyes, a short body, long hind limbs, and a long thin tail. Their anatomy supports a leaping lifestyle in trees, and they are active mainly at night. They are adapted for vertical clinging and leaping, with powerful hind legs and grasping digits, and have adhesive toe pads as a distinguishing trait.

Distribution and habitat

Tarsiers occur naturally in Maritime Southeast Asia, including parts of Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, and the Philippines. They live in forests and can also use habitats such as scrub, mangroves, and agroforestry areas, as well as some other wooded habitats.

Diet and behaviour

Tarsiers are unusual among primates because they are entirely carnivorous. They eat insects and other small prey, and their nocturnal hunting is supported by their large eyes and agile movement. Their diet consists mainly of insects and small vertebrates.

Classification

Tarsiers belong to the order Primates and the family Tarsiidae within the haplorrhine primates. Modern sources recognize several species and, in some classifications, multiple genera within the family. Their taxonomy has been revised, and they are not monkeys but a distinct family.

Key facts

  • Tarsiers are a family of small primates, Tarsiidae, rather than a single species.
  • They are found only on islands in Maritime Southeast Asia.
  • They are nocturnal and have extremely large eyes relative to body size.
  • They are carnivorous primates that feed mainly on insects and may also eat small vertebrates.
  • Their taxonomy has been revised, and modern classifications recognize multiple genera and species.
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Canadian context

Tarsiers are not native to Canada, but they are relevant to Canadian readers through zoology, primate evolution, and conservation studies in museums, universities, and zoos.

Frequently asked questions

What is a tarsier?
A tarsier is a small nocturnal primate in the family Tarsiidae, native to islands in Maritime Southeast Asia.
Where do tarsiers live?
They live on islands in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, and the Philippines, mainly in forested habitats.
What do tarsiers eat?
Tarsiers are carnivorous and feed mainly on insects, though they also take other small animals.
Why do tarsiers have such large eyes?
Their large eyes are an adaptation for seeing in low-light conditions, matching their nocturnal lifestyle.
Are tarsiers monkeys?
No. Tarsiers are primates, but they are not monkeys; they belong to their own family, Tarsiidae.
How do tarsiers move?
They move by clinging vertically and leaping between branches, using their long hind limbs and grasping digits.

References

  1. Encyclopedia.comhttps://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/tarsiers-tarsiidae
    Supports: General description, classification, habitat, and geographic range of tarsiers.
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/animal/tarsier
    Supports: Overview of tarsiers as small Southeast Asian primates, their general traits, and habitat.
  3. Animal Diversity Webhttps://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Tarsiidae/
    Supports: Extant species, family-level classification, ecology, and distribution.
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/summary/tarsier
    Supports: Concise description of anatomy, locomotion, and diet.
  5. Wisconsin National Primate Research Centerhttps://primate.wisc.edu/primate-info-net/pin-factsheets/pin-factsheet-tarsier/
    Supports: Classification, distribution, and carnivorous diet.