Wren

Wrens are small, active passerine birds in the family Troglodytidae, known for their brown plumage, cocked tails, and loud songs.

Wrens are small, active passerine birds in the family Troglodytidae, known for their brown plumage, cocked tails, and loud songs. Most wren species are found in the Americas, while the Eurasian wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) is the best-known Old World representative. Several wren species occur in Canada, including the house wren in southern Canada.

Taxonomy and classification

Wrens belong to the family Troglodytidae within the order Passeriformes. Sources differ slightly on the total number of species and genera, reflecting ongoing taxonomic revisions. Depending on the source and classification used, wrens comprise about 85 to 96 species.

Physical characteristics

Wrens are typically very small, brown birds with fine bills, short wings, and a short tail that is often held upright. Many species have a rounded body shape and conspicuous vocal output despite their size. Their compact build and sharp bills are characteristic features.

Distribution and habitat

Wrens occur mainly in the Americas, with the Eurasian wren as the main exception outside the New World. They occupy habitats such as woodland, undergrowth, gardens, farmland, and brushy or marshy areas. Most wren species live in the Western Hemisphere, especially North and South America.

Behaviour and diet

Wrens are active, ground-foraging birds that mainly eat insects and spiders. Some species also eat berries and seeds. They are also noted for their loud, penetrating songs and, in many species, their tendency to nest in sheltered cavities or domed structures. Many species are adaptable to gardens and human-altered habitats.