Armadillo

Armadillos are placental mammals in the order Cingulata and the superorder Xenarthra, related to anteaters and sloths.

Armadillos are placental mammals in the order Cingulata and the superorder Xenarthra, related to anteaters and sloths. They are known for their leathery armor plates, strong digging claws, and insect-eating habits. Most species live in Central and South America, with the nine-banded armadillo also found in the southern United States.

Classification and evolution

Armadillos are placental mammals in the order Cingulata, grouped within the superorder Xenarthra. Their closest living relatives are anteaters and sloths, with all modern armadillo species native to the Americas.

Physical characteristics

Armadillos are identified by their leathery armor shell, which covers much of the body and in many species includes the head, legs, and tail. They also have strong claws and long snouts, with a body plan adapted for digging. Species vary widely in size, from very small armadillos to much larger forms.

Habitat and range

Most armadillo species live in tropical and subtropical parts of Central and South America, often in open habitats such as grasslands. One species, the nine-banded armadillo, has expanded into parts of the southern United States. Armadillos are not native to Canada.

Diet and behaviour

Armadillos feed mainly on insects and other invertebrates, though some species also eat plant material, eggs, or small animals. Many are nocturnal and spend much of their time digging burrows or searching soil for food.