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Guarana

Guarana is a climbing evergreen plant in the soapberry family, scientifically known as *Paullinia cupana*.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Guarana is a climbing evergreen plant in the soapberry family, scientifically known as *Paullinia cupana*. Native to the Amazon Basin, it is best known for its seeds, which are rich in caffeine and used to make stimulant beverages and extracts.

Description

Guarana is a woody, climbing evergreen plant with large leaves, clustered flowers, and fruit that typically contains one seed. The fruit and seeds are the best-known parts of the plant.

Distribution and cultivation

The plant is native to the Amazon region of South America and is especially associated with Brazil. It is also cultivated in parts of South America for commercial use.

Uses

Roasted guarana seeds are used to make beverages, powders, and supplements. The seeds are valued for their caffeine content and are used as stimulant ingredients in food and drinks.

Traditional and medicinal use

Guarana has been used for centuries by Indigenous Amazonian peoples and in folk medicine for stimulant and tonic purposes. Sources also describe traditional use for fatigue, hunger, headaches, and other conditions.

Key facts

  • Guarana is native to the Amazon Basin and is especially associated with Brazil.
  • It is a woody climbing plant or shrub in the family Sapindaceae.
  • The plant produces fruit with seeds that are roasted and processed for stimulant drinks and other products.
  • Guarana seeds contain very high levels of caffeine, often described as higher than coffee beans.
  • The plant has a long history of use by Indigenous peoples of the Amazon for stimulant and medicinal purposes.
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Canadian context

Guarana is relevant in Canada mainly as an ingredient in energy drinks, soft drinks, powders, and supplements sold in the Canadian market.

Frequently asked questions

What is guarana?
Guarana is a climbing plant, *Paullinia cupana*, native to the Amazon Basin. Its seeds are widely used for their caffeine-rich stimulant properties.
Why is guarana used in energy drinks?
Guarana seeds contain a high amount of caffeine, so extracts are used to increase the stimulant effect of beverages and supplements.
Where does guarana come from?
Guarana is native to the Amazon region of South America, especially Brazil and nearby countries in the basin.
Which plant family does guarana belong to?
Guarana belongs to the soapberry family, Sapindaceae.
What part of the plant is used?
The seeds are the main commercial part. They are roasted, ground, or extracted for drinks, powders, and supplements.

References

  1. University of Texas at El Pasohttps://www.utep.edu/herbal-safety/herbal-facts/herbal%20facts%20sheet/guarana.html
    Supports: Native range and plant habit
  2. Botanical Onlinehttps://www.botanical-online.com/en/botany/guarana-characteristics
    Supports: Traditional use, origin, and cultivation notes
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/plant/guarana
    Supports: Scientific name, family, morphology, seed use, caffeine content
  4. Useful Tropical Plantshttps://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Paullinia+cupana
    Supports: Growth form and botanical description
  5. NIH / NCBI Bookshelfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK589113/
    Supports: Chemical components, traditional stimulant use, and origin
  6. Tropical Fruit / Trade Winds Fruithttps://www.tradewindsfruit.com/content/guarana.htm
    Supports: Seed processing and traditional preparation
  7. WebMDhttps://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/guarana
    Supports: Commercial supplement use and caffeine-related effects
  8. Cleveland Clinichttps://health.clevelandclinic.org/guarana
    Supports: Common product uses and very high caffeine content