Spirit bear

The spirit bear, also called the Kermode bear, is a rare white or cream-coloured colour phase of the American black bear found in coastal British Columbia.

The spirit bear, also called the Kermode bear, is a rare white or cream-coloured colour phase of the American black bear found in coastal British Columbia. Its distinctive coat is caused by a recessive gene, and it is not an albino or a separate species.

Taxonomy and naming

Spirit bear is the common name for the Kermode bear, a white or cream-coloured form of the American black bear. Sources describe it as *Ursus americanus kermodei*, and note that it is not a separate species.

Appearance and genetics

The spirit bear’s pale coat is caused by a rare genetic trait, most often described as a recessive variant affecting melanin production. Unlike albinos, spirit bears retain pigment in the eyes and skin.

Range and habitat

Spirit bears occur in coastal British Columbia, especially within the Great Bear Rainforest. They are most strongly associated with island and rainforest habitats in the central and north coast region.

Ecology and diet

Spirit bears are omnivorous black bears. Reported foods include berries, plants, nuts, and salmon, with salmon being especially important in coastal ecosystems.

Cultural significance

Spirit bears are important in Indigenous and conservation contexts in British Columbia. Some Indigenous communities refer to them as *moksgm'ol*, meaning white bear, and regard them as culturally significant.